Kerlink Helium

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====== Kerlink Helium Hotspot Wiki ======
Welcome on this public wiki page. 
You can find below all relevant information concerning Kerlink Helium Hotspot setup, onboarding and troubleshooting. 

If you cannot find required information on this page, please contact your reseller (from whom you purchase your product) or Kerlink through OTRS system (if you are a direct customer).

<note important>** Due its cryptographic key and to ensure Kerlink Helium Hotspot security, no SSH access can be given to those gateways. \\     **</note>
===== Which Kerlink LoRaWAN Gateways are compatible with Helium Network? =====

See on [[https://www.kerlink.com/iot-solutions/e2e-iot-connectivity/helium-network/|Kerlink official website]]


===== Quick start guides =====

  * {{ :e-dmk-quick-start-guide-wirnet_istation_v8.1_.pdf |Wirnet iStation}}\\
  * {{ :e-con-klk03496-quick-start-guide-wirnet-ifemtocell-v5.0_a6.pdf |Wirnet iFemtoCell}}\\
  * {{ :e-dmk-quick-start-guide-wirnet_ifemtocell-evolution_v3.0-1.pdf |Wirnet iFemtoCell-evolution}}\\

==== Contents of the box ====
^ Product | {{images:wirnetistation.png?200}} | {{images:wirnetifemtocell.png?200}} | {{images:wirnetifemtocellevolution.png?200}} |
^ Content | iStation \\ Mounting kit | iFemtoCell \\ Indoor antenna \\ Power supply | iFemtoCell-evolution \\ Indoor antenna \\ Power supply |

++++ iStation official accessories (optional) |
**Please contact your reseller for more information**
^ Reference ^ Designation ^ Description ^
^ ACCIOT-KAN00 \\     ACCIOT-KAN03 | Antenna + 1m cable + support included | Antenna kit Omni 868-915 MHz 3 dBi |
^ ACCIOT-KAN01 \\     ACCIOT-KAN02 | Antenna + 1m cable + support included | Antenna kit Omni 868-915 MHz 6 dBi |
^ KLK03550 | POE Injector | POE Injector 60 W indoor - AC Input |
^ KLK03055-KLK03553 \\     KLK03554-KLK03555 | Power supply | Power supply cables for US, UK,AU , JP  |
^ KLK02819 | RF Surge Protection for GSM and GPS Link | RF Surge protection - LoRa |
^ KLK02900 | RF Surge Protection for Lora link - Outdoor | RF coaxial Surge protection - Outdoor |
^ KLK02881 | Surge Protection - DC Link – Indoor | DC Input |
^ KLK02817 | Surge Protection for POE link - Outdoor | PoE Surge protection - Outdoor |
^ KLK02818 | Surge Protection for POE link - Indoor | PoE Surge protection - Indoor |
^ KLK03524 | - | Self-amalgamating tape - 3 meters roll length |
++++

==== Install the gateway ====
For best mining performance, place the gateway on the roof or high up. It is very important to maintain the antenna vertically and without any obstacle at 20 cm around. \\ Avoid placing the Gateway in places where it cannot see the outside world: in basements, in cabinets, behind TVs, metal screens.\\
You can manage, plan and optimize your hotspot locations using [[https://hotspotty.net/manage-plan-optimize-hotspot-locations/|Hotspotty]]
=== Connectivity options ===
^ Product |{{images:wirnetistation.png?200}} \\     iStation | {{images:wirnetifemtocell.png?200}} \\     iFemtoCell | {{images:wirnetifemtocellevolution.png?200}} \\     iFemtoCell-evolution |
^ Available connections |**Ethernet* ** (preferred) \\     Cellular 4G |**Ethernet* ** (preferred) \\     Wi-Fi |**Ethernet* ** (preferred) \\     Cellular 4G |

**Ethernet* **The maximum Ethernet cable length is 100m

=== Installation & Connection settings ===
++++ iStation |
{{images:mounting.png?600}} \\     
{{images:warning_connection.png?600}} \\     
GNSS, 3G/4G and LoRa antenna are integrated. An external optionnal LoRa antenna can be added by opening the top button and then screw the antenna directly or via a cable.
 \\      \\     
{{images:antenna.png?600}} \\     
Once the Wirnet iStation is installed, you can select up to 2 technologies to set up the access to Internet
for the data backhaul:
  * Ethernet connection, requiring an Ethernet access through a dedicated RJ45 cable (not included)
  * 3G/4G cellular connection, requiring an USIM (not included) and a data subscription (not included)
Note that both configurations can be used in parallel. For example, RJ45 Ethernet with a 3G / 4G link as a
backup. \\     
{{images:backhaul.png?600}} \\     
 \\     
Regarding the power supply, the following equipments can be used:
  * End-Span or Mid-Span at least a 15W PoE (Power over Ethernet) (not included)
++++
++++ iFemtoCell |
{{images:warning_install.png?700}} \\     
The Wirnet iFemtoCell may be mounted on a wall using the two oblong holes.\\
Only two screws (not included) are needed, all mounting information is mentioned on the following drawing: **/!\ Never use hooks!**\\     
{{images:ifemto.png?200}} \\     
{{images:warning_connection.png?700}} \\     
When the Wirnet iFemtoCell is installed, 2 configurations are possible regarding the technology used to access Internet: \\     
  * Ethernet connection, requiring an Ethernet access through a dedicated RJ45 cable \\     
  * Wi-Fi connection, requiring a Wi-Fi access point
The 2 configurations may be used in parallel. A typical example is the possibility to insure Wi-Fi connection by an Ethernet backup. \\     
 \\     
Once the LoRa RF antenna, the Ethernet cable (if used) and the power supply jack connector are connected, the Wirnet iFemtoCell can be powered ON by connecting the power supply onto the 230VAC mains supply.
++++
++++ iFemtoCell-evolution |
{{images:warning_install_fevo.png?600}} \\     
The Wirnet iFemtoCell-evolution may be mounted on a wall using the two oblong holes. \\     
Only two screws (not included) are needed, all mounting information is mentioned on the following drawing: **/!\ Never use hooks!**\\     
{{images:ifemto.png?200}} \\     
{{images:warning_connection.png?700}} \\     
Once the Wirnet iFemtoCell-evolution is installed, you can select up to 2 technologies to access to Internet for the data backhaul: \\     
  * Ethernet connection, requiring an Ethernet access through a dedicated RJ45 cable (not included) \\     
  * 4G/3G cellular connection, requiring an USIM (not included) and a data subscription (not included)
Note that both configurations can be used in parallel. For example, RJ45 Ethernet with a 4G/3G link as a backup. \\     
{{images:install.png?600}} \\     
 \\     
Once the LoRa RF antenna, the Ethernet cable (if used) or the 4G/3G (with USIM card inserted) and the power supply jack connector are plugged, the Wirnet iFemtoCellevolution can be powered ON by connecting the power supply.
++++

==== Power On the gateway & LED status ====
++++ iStation |
A push-button is available on the bottom of enclosure. 
  * The ON/OFF/RST button must be pressed during 1s to reboot the gateway.
  * A long press for 5s turns off the gateway.
Once the power is “On”, please check the LED status and start the SW configuration. \\     
The iStation should power on then display:
  * a solid green LED (Power LED, under the power button),
  * accompanied by a red LED (Status LED =operations status) starting solid, then blinking during bootup.
{{images:led_istation.png?600}}
++++
++++ iFemtoCell |
Once the LoRa RF antenna, the Ethernet cable (if used) and the power supply jack connector are connected, the Wirnet iFemtoCell can be powered ON by connecting the power supply onto the 230VAC mains supply. \\     
The button available on the right of the gateway and accessible thanks to a tool with a 1mm diameter allows to reset the gateway as follow:\\     
  * The ON/OFF/RST button must be pressed during 1s to reboot the gateway.
  * A long press for 5s turns off the gateway.
  * A short press turns on the gateway.
{{images:led_femto.png?700}}
++++
++++ iFemtoCell-evolution |
Once the LoRa RF antenna, the Ethernet cable (if used) or the 4G/3G (with USIM card inserted) and the power supply jack connector are plugged, the Wirnet iFemtoCellevolution can be powered ON by connecting the power supply. \\     
The button available on the right of the gateway and accessible thanks to a tool with a 1mm diameter allows to reset the gateway as follow:\\     
  * The ON/OFF/RST button must be pressed during 1s to reboot the gateway.
  * A long press for 5s turns off the gateway.
  * A short press turns on the gateway.
{{images:led_fevo.png?400}}
++++

==== Connect to Web interface ====
<note important>**DO NOT CLICK on RESET FACTORY button** as it will remove the Helium miner software from your Hotspot. \\ The feature is reserved to technical Support Team</note>

++++The easiest way to connect to your gateway is to address it by name.| 
Wirnet gateways are named after their serial number, as described below, with XXXXXX replaced by the last six hexadecimal digits from the board ID.

^ Gateway model                   ^ URL template                ^
| **Wirnet iStation**             | ''http://klk-wiis-XXXXXX.local '' |
| **Wirnet iFemtoCell**           | ''http://klk-wifc-XXXXXX.local '' |
| **Wirnet iFemtoCell-evolution** | ''http://klk-fevo-XXXXXX.local '' |

For the Wirnet iFemtoCell with 704BEc1234AB as board ID, the hostname will be: **klk-wifc-1234AB**. 

It is also possible to enter the IP address of your gateway into your browser’s URL bar (Make sure your computer is on the same local network).\\

The default credentials are:\\
Login:''admin''\\
Password:''pwd4admin''\\
It's very recommended to change them.\\

{{:images:WI_overview.png?1000|}}
++++
++++ Using local connection through USB-C for iStation and iFemtoCell-evolution only.|
You can connect a PC directly to the iStation and iFemtoCell-evolution with a USB cable. In this mode, the gateway will simulate an ethernet device. 
  * In nominal case, after few seconds, your PC will obtain an IP address and you will be able to start a SSH client or HTTP connection on gateway IP 192.168.120.1.
  * In particular case you are using a DHCP server on your computer, gateway will directly obtain an IP address. A connection can then be done on this IP address.
{{images:usb-c_connection.png?600}} ++++

=== Network setup ===
The network can be easily configured thanks to the web interface.

++++ Ethernet (default) |
Simplest and preferred. Available on all Kerlink gateways\\

= >  Plug the Gateway to the WAN access point with an Ethernet cable. The connection will be established automatically.\\
\\
  * You can enabled/disabled the Ethernet connection but be careful of the consequences of disabling
<note warning>
  * If you turn OFF IPv4 configuration, you are disconnected from the web interface and Ethernet is fully disabled!
  * **Using iFemtoCell, you will not be able to connect to the web interface later.**
</note>
  * You can configure your IPV4 connection:
    * DHCP.
    * Manual: Use a static IP.
    * OFF: Will turn OFF the IPv4 configuration.

{{:images:wi_network_ethernet.png?1000|}}
++++

++++ Cellular (except Wirnet iFemtoCell)|
<note important>If you are using cellular connection, your gateway will stay in relayed mode.\\
Please see [[#4.3 Network configuration|4.3 Network configuration]]</note>
The cellular access can be configured in the web interface.\\
Cellular connection requires an USIM and a data subscription (not included)\\

  * Insert SIM 
  * If it does not work out of the box, you may need to configure APN of the SIM card on the web interface 
  * If so, enter the MCC/MNC corresponding to your network operator

{{:images:wi_network_GSM.png?1000|}}

<note important>
  * If a Roaming SIM card is inserted in the gateway, the **MCC/MNC** codes to configure should be those ones of the SIM and not those of the local operator.
  * The **APN** to configure is the one of the SIM provider also, not the one of the local operator.
</note>
**To test if the configuration is the good one, please just unplugg Ethernet cable and wait for some minutes, the backhaul should automaticaly switch to cellular connection.**
You may use the onboarding dashboard to check connectivity after 15-30 minutes.
++++

++++ WiFi (Wirnet iFemtoCell only) |
  * If you have a WPS-compatible (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) Wi-Fi Access Point, press the WPS button on the Wirnet iFemtoCell and then press the WPS button on the Wi-Fi Access Point of the installation. The connection will be established automatically.
  * Without WPS-compatible Wi-Fi Access point, Wi-Fi connection can be done either through Wired Ethernet or through the __Wi-Fi AP that is enabled for one hour after reboot__:
    * Choose your Wi-Fi access point in the list.
    * Click on the access point name:
       * For passphrase-protected WiFi, fill the passphrase in the newly opened window and click “Connect”.
       * For WPS-enabled Access Point, or if your WiFi AP is open, just click “Connect”.
    * The Wi-Fi network will appear connected in front of the network name.

{{:images:WI_wifi_wifc_only.png?1000|}}

<note important>If this feature is enabled or disabled, don't forget to save the modification.</note>
++++

The Full Miner communicates over a peer-to-peer (P2P) network and needs to connect to the remote port 44158. \\
Hence, other miners must have this port forwarded to their miner IP address, and so should you. Indeed, other miners will want to connect to your miner too. \\
More info on port forwarding can be found on Helium documentation:\\
  * [[https://docs.helium.com/troubleshooting/understanding-witnesses/#relayed-hotspots-and-the-importance-of-opening-ports|Why open ports? ]]
  * [[https://docs.helium.com/troubleshooting/network-troubleshooting/|Network troubleshooting ]]

<note important>Do not expose/port forward the TCP port 80 from the outside. </note>


===== Helium =====
You will need the **Helium Hotspot** App available on [[https://apps.apple.com/us/app/helium-hotspot/id1450463605|Apple App Store]] or the [[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.helium.wallet|Google Play Store]]. Kerlink support needs version 3.4.6 or later.

{{images:helium_app.jpg?400|}}

==== Setting up Helium Wallet with Helium App ====
  * First step is to create an account and a personal wallet. 
<note warning>Please read this page from Helium.com **carefully**:
[[https://docs.helium.com/wallets/app-wallet/twelve-words/#:~:text=The%2012%20words%20can%20never,12%20words%2C%20lose%20it%20all.|Helium - Twelve Words Seed Phrase]] \\
{{images:helium_12_words.png?800}}\\
Your Wallet is the ONLY way to access to your Hotspot. If you lose your pin code and/or your **12 unique word passphrase** you will lose your Hotspot too! \\
Kerlink can not change the Wallet, a FACTORY RESET will not solve your problem. Hotspot is fully lost.
</note>

++++Go through the account setup process.|
 You will be taken step by step to generate a **12 unique word passphrase and set a pin code**.

<note important>As the Helium App says, it is crucial that you write all of the 12 words down in the correct order and store this in a safe location. If you do not you risk not being able to re-gain access to your HNT wallet. Make a note of your Helium Wallet address, which will be required in the next step.</note>




{{images:welcome.png?300|}}     {{images:account2.png?299|}}     {{images:account3.png?295|}}     {{images:account4.png?296|}}
++++
==== Add the hotspot with Helium App ====

Once Wallet is created, second step is to add a new hotspot 

++++LET'S START! |
Click on **+ Add a Hotspot**\\
{{images:1.png?200|}}\\

Select **Kerlink iFemtoCell**, **iFemtoCell Evolution** or **iStation**\\
{{images:2.png?200|}}\\

Web onboarding: click on the **link** to onboard your Hotspot. You will be redirected to the [[https://helium-onboarding.kerlink.com/|Kerlink Onboarding web page]]\\
{{images:3.png?200|}}   {{images:3b.png?200|}} \\

To onboard your gateway, we need to identify it. You can find QR codes or Serial Numbers (ID) directly on your product, or on the box you received it in.\\
You may also enter any serial number (or "ID"):\\
  * MAC address **70:76:FF:YY:YY:YY**
  * Board ID **XXiYYYYYY** or **ZZZXXiYYYYYY** (on the miner)
  * Product ID **XXiYYYYYY** or **ZZZXXiYYYYYY** (on the miner)
  * Packaging ID **XXiYYYYYY** or **ZZZXXiYYYYYY** (on the box)
  * EUI **7n76FF00YYYYYYYY**\\
{{images:4.png?350|}}   {{images:4b.png?250|}}\\

One more serial number (or "ID") is needed to register the Hotspot. You can provide the MAC address, Board ID or Product ID from the product label.\\
Please note that Board ID and EUI are considered as the same serial number (or "ID"), so you should use MAC address, Product ID or Packaging ID for 1 step of the onboarding.\\
{{images:5.png?200|}}\\

You will now see the message below showing device onboarding is complete. Just click on the QR code to complete the process\\
{{images:6.png?200|}}\\

Once back to Helium App, it's time to set a location for the Hotspot.\\
{{images:7.png?200|}}\\

Once done, your Hotspot will go into registration. **It can take up to 15 min here.**\\
{{images:8.png?200|}}\\

Once completed, your Hotspot is registered on the Blockchain. Congrats!\\
{{images:blochain.png?200|}}
++++

==== Gateway synchronization ====
  * Once the previous onboarding steps are completed, the Hotspot is registered on the Blockchain.
++++ It then starts to create challenges, transmit beacons and witness beacons|
{{images:wallet1.png?300|}}     {{images:wallet2.png?300|}}     {{images:wallet3.png?300|}}     {{images:wallet4.png?300|}}
++++


===== Troubleshooting guide =====
  * [[https://helium-onboarding.kerlink.com/troubleshooting/|Kerlink Troubleshooting guide]]
{{images:troubleshooting.png?800 |}}

==== Self diagnostic ====
<note important>Information displayed on [[https://explorer.helium.com/|Helium Explorer]] are not directly refreshed, it may takes time (some days) to display the real status of your Miner </note>

++++ Self diagnostic|
  * STEP 1 - Go to [[https://helium-onboarding.kerlink.com/|Self Diagnostic page]]
    * Enter the Board ID of your gateway\\
{{:images:self_diag_light.png?400|}}

    * Check following points:
      * **Connectivity** more than 30 minutes ago 
=> [[#2.4 Connect to Web interface|2.4 Connect to Web interface]] and control your network and power. If the problem is still present, contact your reseller.\\
{{:images:network_status.png?700|}}
      * **Miner Software version** 
=> If the miner software doesn’t corresponds to the one indicated in the comment then, **please wait for a day** (propagation time on all gateways). \\
Please double check the next day before contacting your reseller.\\
\\   \\
  * STEP 2 - [[#2.4 Connect to Web interface|2.4 Connect to Web interface]]
{{:images:WI_overview.png?700|}}
     * On Overview page, check following indicators:
{{:images:system_status.png?500|}}
        * If **CPU < 20%** => reboot your gateway, if problem is not solved after **1 hour**, contact your reseller support
        * If **CPU = 100%** => contact your reseller support
        * If **User disk = 100%** => contact your reseller support
++++
==== Useful links ====
  * [[https://helium-onboarding.kerlink.com/troubleshooting/|Kerlink Troubleshooting guide]]:   Kerlink general information on how to get first level of analysis
  * [[https://helium-onboarding.kerlink.com/|Self Diagnostic & Kerlink Onboarding]]: Kerlink website to do hotspot onboarding and get first level of analysis
++++Self Diagnostic and Kerlink Onboarding|
  * Once a gateway is added to the blockchain, it is possible to access several information by typing its Board ID
{{:images:self_diag.png?400|}}
  * A page will open with several information such as : 
    * Connectivity : whether your miner is connected to the internet or not
    * Software version: Kerlink Operating System, Erlang and Miner software versions deployed on the hotspot
{{:images:self_diag_light.png?400|}}
++++
  * [[https://explorer.helium.com/|Helium Explorer]]:   Helium Explorer
++++Helium Explorer|
^ Reward Type ^ Description ^
^ PoC Challenger | Rewarded to any Hotspot that creates a valid PoC challenge and submits the corresponding receipt to the blockchain. |
^ PoC Challengees | Awarded to any Hotspot that transmits a POC packet after being targeted by the challenger. |
^ Witnesses | Distributed to all Hotspots that witness a beacon packet as part of a PoC Challenge. |

{{:images:reward.png?400|}}
  * Access Helium Explorer to check for... 
    * Beacons: see if you challenged, get challenged, and witnessed challenges
    * All activity: see more detailed beacons information
    * Rewards: rolling 24h, 7d and 30d windows
    * Rewards: see individual reward transactions
{{:images:rewards.png?1000|}}
<note important>Information displayed on [[https://explorer.helium.com/|Helium Explorer]] are not directly refreshed, it may takes time (some days) to display the real status of your Miner </note>
++++
  * [[https://app.hotspotty.net/hotspots/|Hotspotty]]:   Open-source tool to create Helium hotspots dashboards with a lot of useful KPIs (HNT per day, week, month)
  * [[https://status.helium.com//|Helium system status]]:   Real time status of Helium (blockchain, API, Consensus Group, PoC, router, explorer, Helium app…)
  * [[https://discord.com/invite/DRyqGuMk|Kerlink-support discord channel]]:   Kerlink-support discord channel
  * [[https://etl.dewi.org/public/dashboard/4adab197-9751-4252-be6e-75f02459fe83|DeWi]]:   Global statistics on rewards, DC usage, hotspots, HNT
  * [[https://heliumtracker.io/|Helium tracker]]:   General KPIs on Helium (top cities, top hotspots…)
  * [[https://www.yougetsignal.com/tools/open-ports/|Open Port Check Tool]]: Test Port Forwarding on Your Router




===== FAQ =====
==== General ====
++++ Is my previously purchased Kerlink gateway capable of Helium mining?|
  * Only Kerlink Gateways that have “Helium Network Compatible” in the title of the product on your confirmation email from Official reseller will be capable of Helium mining. 
  * Unfortunately, previously purchased Kerlink gateways  cannot be updated to be Helium miners.
++++

++++ How to reboot the Kerlink Hotspot?|
  * See [[#2.3 Power On the gateway & LED status|2.3 Power On the gateway & LED status]]
  * Connect to the Web interface. Click on Reboot button.
{{images:wi_reboot.png?1000|}}
++++

++++ I encounter some trouble with my Hotspot. How can I open a ticket?|
  * Please contact your reseller. If necessary, they will open a ticket to Kerlink Support.
++++

++++ How to factory reset the Kerlink Hotspot?|
<note important>It will delete Helium on your Hotspot. DO NOT USE except if your reseller asked you to factory reset your Hotspot! </note>
  * Connect to the Web interface. Click on Reset button.\\
{{images:wi_reset_factory.png?1000|}}
++++

++++ Can I access to Kerlink Wiki?|
  * For gateways with Helium there is no access to the Wiki because it does not use the standard firmware and you cannot have access to SSH.
++++

++++ Can I access to Kerlink trouble ticketing tool OTRS? Can I contact Kerlink Support directly? |
  * No, you need to contact your reseller.
++++

++++ Currently this miner shows that it has a maximum capability of 3dbi yet I am using an 8dbi antenna. Is there a way to increase the allowed limit in the settings?|
  * Can be done in Helium Hotspot App. 
++++

++++ I lost my 12 unique word passphrase, how can I recover my Wallet and my Hotspot? |
  * **Wallet is lost, Hotspots associated too.**\\
See here for more information: [[https://docs.helium.com/wallets/app-wallet/twelve-words/#:~:text=The%2012%20words%20can%20never,12%20words%2C%20lose%20it%20all.|Helium - Twelve Words Seed Phrase]] \\
{{images:helium_12_words.png?800|}}
 \\
Your Wallet is the ONLY way to access to your Hotspot. If you lose your pin code and/or your **12 unique word passphrase** you will lose your Hotspot too! \\
Kerlink can not change the Wallet, a FACTORY RESET will not solve your problem. Hotspot is fully lost.
++++
 
==== During installation & Helium onboarding ====
++++ Why do I get the Error “This gateway is not compatible with Helium Proof of Coverage. You can still install the Light Miner to earn HNT from packet forwarding.”|
  * Only Kerlink Gateways that have “Helium Network Compatible” in the title of the product on your confirmation email from Official reseller will be capable of Helium mining.
++++

++++ How to reboot the Kerlink Hotspot?|
  * See [[#2.3 Power On the gateway & LED status|2.3 Power On the gateway & LED status]]
  * Connect to the Web interface. Click on Reboot button.
{{images:wi_reboot.png?1000|}}
++++

++++ How to connect to the Web Interface?|
  * See [[#2.4 Connect to Web interface|2.4 Connect to Web interface]]
++++

++++ My Hotspot is relayed. How do I fix it ?|
  * See [[#5.3 Network configuration|5.3 Network configuration]]
++++

==== Network configuration ==== 
++++ I setup WiFi on my Hotspot but it is still connecting using Ethernet. How do I fix it ?|
  * Ethernet has priority over WiFi. Disconnect Ethernet cable from the Hotspot, it will then connect using WiFi.
++++

++++ I setup Cellular on my Hotspot but it is still connecting using Ethernet. How do I fix it ?|
  * Ethernet has priority over Cellular. Disconnect Ethernet cable from the Hotspot, it will then connect using Cellular.
++++

++++ My Hotspot is relayed. How do I fix it ?|
  * [[https://docs.helium.com/troubleshooting/understanding-witnesses/#relayed-hotspots-and-the-importance-of-opening-ports|Open ports]]
  * If you are using cellular connection, you have to request to your SIM card provider to provide a public IP address for your hotspot.
++++
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