The RAN as a whole is structured as follows:

• In the gateway:
  • The packet forwarder receives LoRa frames and forwards them to the lns server which address is usually 172.18.0.1 using UDP port 1700
  • There is a bscc daemon that will be interfaced with the RAN BSC component
  • There is a snmp daemon that will be interfaced with the RAN
  • There is an OpenVPN package that will handle the secure connection to the RAN
• In the RAN:
  • The BSC will handle the gateway system management (software, remote shell, system status, etc)
  • The RNC will handle the radio management (spectral scan, frequency planning, etc)
  • The LNS will handle the LoRaWAN data (RX/TX)

To analyze your potential issues, it is best to go from bottom to top and check every layer:

1. Check basic network
   • if Ethernet, ensure that the link is up, a valid IP is set on eth0 interface (either manually or through DHCP)
   • if WiFi, ensure that the SSID is properly connected and that a valid IP is configured on wlan0 interface (either manually or through DHCP)
   • if cellular, ensure that the APN is properly configured, that the cell signal is good and that there is an IP defined on ppp0 interface
   • Anyway, issue a ifconfig command to check all interfaces status, and try to ping a machine on the Internet (e.g. 8.8.8.8)
2. Check installed software and version numbers
   • On iBTS or iFemtoCell, run the command: opkg list-installed: this will list the installed packages
   • On Wirnet Station, run the command: get_version -u -v and check the update log
   • Anyway, please check that the bscc, snmp, openvpn and the packet forwarder packages are correctly installed with the expected version number
3. Check that all expected process are running
   • On iBTS or iFemtoCell, run the command: monit status
   • On all systems, run the command: ps ww
   • Anyway, please ensure that the bscc, snmp, openvpn and the packet forwarder processes are running
4. Check that the connection to the RAN is working
   • Check that you have VPN interface in ifconfig
   • Check the content of the Trustzone (except for Wirnet Station) pnr_uploader -s -b 2, pnr_uploader -s -b 10
   • Check that you can ping 172.18.0.1 and 10.8.0.1
   • Check that you can ping lns and snmp
   • In the dashboard, add the station to the customer's fleet and verify that its status is “connected”
5. Check that the packet forwarder is working properly
   • Check the configuration of the packet forwarder in the json config file (“lns” should be defined as the server and port 1700 should be used)
   • Check in the dashboard interface that the station has received some messages (be sure that at least one end-device is located in the neighborhood of the gateway)

• Check main system logs at /var/log/messages
• Check packet forwarder logs at /user/spf2/var/log/ for iBTS, /user/spf/var/log for iFemtoCell and /mnt/fsuser-1/spf/var/log for Wirnet Station
• Check the kernel boot log with the dmesg command

If you couldn't find why your station is not visible on the RAN dashboard or why you can't receive/send LoRa frames, please contact the support:

• http://otrs.kerlinkm2mtechnologies.com/customer.pl and open a ticket
• support@kerlink.fr if you don't have an OTRS account yet

Anyway, please provide information about your product and your issue:

• serial number
• product version
• logs
• desired behavior / expected result
• list of checks that you already did

These items can be collected by following the Process Flow step.