The KerOS Distribution supports OPKG packages (embedded version compatible with dpkg packages).

OPKG packages are used to install customer applications and firmware upgrades (the firmware is installed with an OPKG package). OPKG packages use the .ipk extension. It is strongly recommended to use OPKG packages to deploy binaries/applications since the backup mechanism relies on it.

A package can either be installed using the network or using a USB key.

After each update, the file /user/.update is appended with the status of the update. Update status can be:

• OK
• PARTIAL
• FAILURE

Error code can be the following:

• ERROR (10) - Downgrade not allowed
• ERROR (11) - unknown error
• ERROR (12) - dependency issue
• ERROR (13) - incompatible architecture

Partial code corresponds to a successful installation that has conflict in configuration files.
This can cause a problem during an upgrade if the configuration files contain new field or value required by the updated software. The partial code warns the user that a manual modification of the configuration could be required, the list of the modified (and the location of the new ) configuration file being listed above the update status (shadow and hostapd in this example).

Example:

 
 cat /user/.update
2017.12.01-14:55:18 -- Update from bscc_v1.13_klk_wifc.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-14:55:19 -- Update from lorasnmp_v1.13_klk_wifc.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-14:55:19 -- Update Status : updated 2, failed 0 , partial 0 result : OK
2017.12.01-15:00:44 -- Update from lorasnmp_v1.12_klk_wifc.ipk: ERROR (10)
2017.12.01-15:00:44 -- Update from toto_1.0.0_klk_lpbs.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-15:00:44 -- Update Status : updated 1, failed 1 , partial 0 result : FAILURE
2017.12.01-15:07:44 Existing conffile /user/rootfs_rw/etc/shadow is different from the conffile in the new package.
 The new conffile will be placed at /user/rootfs_rw/etc/shadow-opkg.
Existing conffile /user/rootfs_rw/etc/hostapd.conf is different from the conffile in the new package.
 The new conffile will be placed at /user/rootfs_rw/etc/hostapd.conf-opkg.
2017.12.01-15:07:45 -- Update from keros_3.3-beta2-38-g12943bcb_klk-wifc.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-15:07:45 -- Update Status : updated 0, failed 0 , partial 1 result : PARTIAL
2017.12.01-15:12:18 -- Update from lorasnmp.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-15:12:28 -- Update from keros.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-15:12:28 -- Update from bscc.ipk: OK
2017.12.01-15:12:28 -- Update Status : updated 3, failed 0 , partial 0 result : OK
2017.12.01-15:12:28 -- Firmware restored from backup

The following example describes how to trigger an update over network. This example uses a package meant to upgrade the firmware, however, the steps are the same for any other package.

1. Connect to your gateway web interface: Web interface connection
2. Go in the “Update” Menu
3. Drag & drop your ipk file and click on UPDATE GATEWAY.
4. A reboot is required to finalize the update, click on REBOOT GATEWAY.

The following example describes how to trigger an update over network. This example uses a package meant to upgrade the firmware, however, the steps are the same for any other package.

1. Transfer the KerOS package corresponding to the new firmware in this directory:

   # From a computer:
   scp keros_4.1.6_klkgw-signed.ipk root@<ip_address>:/user/.updates/

2. Ensure file is correctly written:

   # On the gateway:
   sync 

3. Trigger Update for next reboot:

   kerosd -u 

4. Restart:

   reboot

5. This step is specific to firmware updates. Check the firmware version in the file /tmp/sys_startup_status.json under the field sw_version.

The following example describes how to trigger an update over USB key. This example uses a package meant to upgrade the firmware, however, the steps are the same for any other package.

1. Prepare a USB key with the following files:
   • usb.autorun: Auto executable script
   • usbkey.txt: USB password file
   • keros_x.y.z.ipk: the update package
2. Plug the USB key on the CPU board.
3. Wait for status LED fast blinking. Refer to this page to know where is status LED on your gateway.
4. Unplug the USB key.
5. Wait for status LED to be on.
6. This step is specific to firmware updates. Chek the firmware version in the file /tmp/sys_startup_status.json under the field sw_version.

usbkey.txt is a security file. It includes the password of “usbuser” user.
Find information about the usbuser password in the credential chapter.

In case of consecutive updates on few boards, usbkey.txt can include multiple passwords (limited to 100). One password per line.

Here is an example of this file for 3 different boards:

File to download - usbkey.txt

usb.autorun is a script automatically executed by the board if the usbkey.txt file includes a correct password.
Anything can be done in this script but here is an example used to deploy a new firmware or/and new packages:

File to download - usb.autorun